My intent of only having the distance configurable was to make setup easier. If admins also have to use (or defaults - which I'd have to create, ideally working for the default g_speed of 280) a time until the warning, a time until the punishments; thing's get complicated. Not only for them, but it's also more work to code, especially since admins can then mess up things in even more ways (timeout -1 anyone?).
Thus with the current possibilities you'd just decrease the required moving distance.
Like Hectic said, CTL might not be the best suited gametype for anti-camp. It is more inteded for gametypes like LPS (or maybe tourney, for that matter), where camping is a real advantage. In CTL you don't score by standing still, but "defending one's base" is indeed a valid tactic.
In my opinion, the anti-camp feature is just a poor workaround for badly designed maps, where campers gain huge advantages. I known that campers can indeed be annoying, but like said above, it's basically a valid technique. Camping at player spawnpoints or powerup spawns is annoying, too. If it makes for an advantage, then the maps design is broken, if it does not, well it simply does not matter then (since the campers just waste their time)

On a side note; having different anti-camping times for whether someone has a certain item is rather confusing to the player. Plus if someone really wants to camp while having the lolly, he could still drop and pick it up again all the time (yes, there is a delay for doing this, but it is and it has to be lower than the anti-camp timeout for valid gameplay reasons).
I'm open to any discussion for this kind of feature requests, but I'll indeed discuss before adding anything

Another workaround on my todo-list is the ability for the server admin to add additional clipping to the map, to make some of the real mean camping spots unreachable. This is of course just a poor man's solution, but I can't magically "fix all the broken camper maps" via a mod.
P.S.: To answer your initial question; You can not change those time limits, as they are currently hardcoded into the mod.